九寨沟自然保护区景观变化与保护   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

邓贵平  颜磊  章小平 《山地学报》2011,29(2)

立足于景观尺度,基于RS和GIS技术及景观生态学原理,使用巢式分析法研究了1975-2007年九寨沟自然保护区景观变化,包括景观格局、景观过程,讨论了景观变化的驱动因素.结果表明:1.最近30多年来,九寨沟自然保护区及外围圈层各类景观都发生了不同程度的变化:自保护区建立以来,林地、水域分别净增899.56 hm2、7.06 hm2,疏林/灌丛、草地分别减少440.52 hm2、970.60 hm2,耕地已全部实现退耕;而同期外围2个圈层的林地却分别减少9 012.23 hm2、25 975.28 hm2,水域减少16.89 hm2、0.83 hm2,建设用地增加376.58 hm2、1 340.35 hm2.草地增加4 883.18 hm2、56 462.11 hm2.在景观水平上,保护区破碎化程度最低,而多样性程度最高,但在类型水平上,保护区2007年的林地却仍然比1975年破碎.2.各种宏观政策,包括保护政策、旅游发展及其所引发的人类活动是九寨沟自然保护区及其外围2个圈层林地、建设用地、耕地景观变化的驱动因素,而自然地理过程是九寨沟自然保护区及其外围2个圈层冰雪/裸岩、水域景观变化的驱动因素.针对景观变化和未来面临的挑战提出了保护建议.  相似文献   

《返乡》与《归去来兮辞》的文化和地理环境特征影响分析     

章怡虹 《地理科学进展》2011,30(12):1570-1573

德国浪漫主义诗人荷尔德林与中国田园诗人陶渊明都被誉为“诗人中的诗人”,他们的诗中都蕴涵着深深的“故土”情结。研究他们的代表作——荷氏的《返乡》与陶氏的《归去来兮辞》,都有许多耐人寻味的地方。尽管文化背景、文化语境、情感基调不一,然而,他们构筑的对“诗意栖居”的憧憬和神往却折射出人类共同的生命艺术境界。本论文分别从两首诗的归因、归程、归宿三方面来论述,两种文化和不同地理环境的特质和基因塑造了两个不同时代、不同地域的诗人,形成了他们别具风格的诗境。  相似文献   

城市景观遥感影像融合质量对小波基选取的响应     

陈颖彪  郭冠华  吴志峰  魏建兵 《地理与地理信息科学》2011,27(4):98-102,113

应用IHS和小波变换结合的融合算法时,小波基的选取是影响融合图像质量的关键,而且包含不同地物信息的影像融合质量对小波基的响应特征有待深入探讨。该文以SPOT全色和多光谱影像为数据源,选取大量高、低密度建筑城市景观影像样本,用信息量、平均梯度和偏差指数3个指标定量评价融合质量,分析不同小波簇下两类融合图像之间的质量差异。研究表明:融合质量与影像所含地物特征密切相关;相对于其它小波簇,rbioNr.Nd表现出较强的变异性;两类融合图像在各小波簇上的波动性差异明显,并呈分段特征;根据质量需求和具体景观特征影像,可以在分解层数固定的情况下选取最佳小波基,以获取高质量融合图像。  相似文献   

承德避暑山庄砂岩文物的基本性质和风化机理     

邵明申  张中俭  李黎 《工程地质学报》2015,23(3):533-538

世界文化遗产地承德避暑山庄内有大量的砂岩文物。在长期风化作用下,很多砂岩文物发生了严重的风化病害,亟须保护。通过现场调查,发现避暑山庄砂岩文物的风化病害主要为开裂、剥落、粉化、生物寄生等。通过室内测试,得出了该砂岩的矿物学、岩石学性质和物理、力学性质。在此基础上,分析了该砂岩的风化机理,认为钙质胶结物的溶解、干湿交替和盐分结晶膨胀是造成该砂岩粉化、剥落风化的主要原因。相关研究为该砂岩文物的修复保护提供科学支撑。  相似文献   

铜陵地区不同景观区金属态地球化学特征     

赵华荣  杜建国  杨义忠  曹恒  李明辉 《安徽地质》2015,(1):42-48

通过铜陵地区已知矿集区和覆盖区多金属态测量,不仅确定了深穿透测量在矿集区的有效指示作用,同时,根据不同景观区、不同金属态地球化学特征的对比,指出了覆盖区具指示意义的元素金属态,为长江中下游平原区寻找隐伏矿床提出了新的化探方法。  相似文献   

Modelling controls on aeolian dune‐field pattern evolution     

ERIN EASTWOOD  JOANNA NIELD  ANDREAS BAAS  GARY KOCUREK 《Sedimentology》2011,58(6):1391-1406

A second‐generation, source‐to‐sink cellular automaton‐based model presented here captures and quantifies many of the factors controlling the evolution of aeolian dune‐field patterns by varying only a small number of parameters. The role of sediment supply, sediment availability and transport capacity (together defined as sediment state) in the development and evolution of an aeolian dune‐field pattern over long time scales is quantified from model simulations. Seven dune‐field patterns can be classified from simulation results varying the sediment supply and transport capacity that control the type and frequency of dune interactions, the sediment availability of the system and, ultimately, the development of dune‐field patterns. This model allows predictions to be made about the range of sediment supply and wind strengths required to produce the dune‐field patterns seen in the real world. A new clustered dune‐field pattern is identified from model results and used to propose an alternative mechanism for the formation of superimposed dunes. Bedforms are hypothesized to cluster together, simultaneously forming two spatial scales of bedforms without first developing a large basal dune with small superimposed dunes. Manipulation of boundary conditions produces evolving dune fields with different spatial configurations of sediment supply. Trends of spacing and crest length increase with decreasing variability as the dune field matures. This simple model is a valuable tool which can be used to elucidate the dominant control of aeolian sediment state on the construction and evolution of aeolian dune‐field patterns.  相似文献   

A channel head stability criterion for first‐order catchments     

Péter B. Sólyom 《地球表面变化过程与地形》2011,36(4):533-546

The present analysis derives a stability criterion for long‐term equilibrium channel heads. The concept of finite perturbation analysis is presented, during which the surface is subjected to perturbations of a finite amplitude and resulting changes in flow path structure and slope are computed. Based on these quantities the analysis predicts whether the perturbed location is going to erode, be filled in or remain steady. The channel head is defined geometrically as the focus point of converging flow lines at the bottom of hollows. It is demonstrated that stability at the channel head grows out of the competition between the rate of flow path convergence and the degree of profile concavity. Analytical functions are derived to compute channel head‐contributing area and ‐slope, flow path convergence and profile concavity as a function of perturbation depth, distance from the crest and the initial slope. In a numerical model these quantities point to the long‐term equilibrium channel head position, which is shown to depend also on the width to length ratio of hollows. It is also demonstrated that the equilibrium channel head position is sensitive to the base‐level lowering/non‐dimensional slope length ratio and to the slope of the initial topography. Morphometrical measurements both in the field and on simulated topographies were used to test the theoretical predictions.  相似文献   

Discovery of the Natural Deformation Vestige of Gaixia Remains,Guzhen County,Anhui Province,China and Its Implications     

Yao Daquan  Shuo Zhi  Tang Jieping  Wang Zhi  Shen Xiaoqi  Chen Anguo  Li Linli 《中国地震研究》2011,25(1):92-100

Recognition of natural deformation during the excavation of ancient remains and tombs is important for tracing or enriching historic and prehistoric deformation records. Recently, the earthquake agencies,in cooperation with the cultural relics and archaeological institutions, conducted a special excavation investigation to the Gaixia remains archaeological scene in Guzhen,Anhui Province. Faults and fissures were discovered there, which,as demonstrated by the preliminary study,are the traces of two stratum d...  相似文献   

地图的非物质文化内涵     

钟业勋  童新华 《北京测绘》2011,(4):25-27

从地图文化形态的特点和优势,可视化的地图实现,地图及其相关概念的数学表达以及科学和文化知识的积聚和传承等方面,论述了地图文化的丰富内涵.地图的非物质文化内涵是人类创造的精神财富,是人类智慧的结晶和社会发展的记录.  相似文献   

四川大巴山国家地质公园地质遗迹景观数据库平台构建   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

付顺  阚瑷珂  吴旭  李国庆 《测绘科学》2011,36(5):115-117

本文以四川大巴山国家地质公园为例,研究并构建了一套面向地质遗迹资源管理和景观规划辅助为主要目标的数据库管理综合平台.参照《中国国家地质公园建设技术要求和工作指南》(2002),建立了适合研究区地质遗迹景观的分类体系、编码规则和数据库.设计开发了基于SOA的数据库管理平台架构,并通过网络门户集成各项服务.经投入运行表明,...  相似文献